The traditional set of eight word classes: Noun, verb, adjective, adverb, preposition, conjunction, pronoun, and interjection.
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0answers
40 views
Common name for speech errors like Phoneme Deletion and Phoneme Substitution
I would like to know the common name for speech errors like phoneme deletion and phoneme substitution, just like there is word called "prosodic error" for stress error and intonation error. I have ...
4
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2answers
81 views
Multilingual POS tagging set
As you know:
Almost all languages have the lexical categories noun and verb, but
beyond these there are significant variations in different languages.
We want tag POS of some text of a lot of ...
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0answers
72 views
Tool for manually POS tagging texts
I'm interested if there is a text or set of texts where each word is correctly POS tagged.
I know there are algorithms that can associate POS tags to the words, but there are always many of ...
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2answers
329 views
How are mathematical operators like “plus” and “cos” analyzed?
Consider the mathematical statement
1 + 2 = 3
It is read in English as
One plus two equals three.
One plus two is equal to three.
In English at least, equals is obviously an ordinary ...
2
votes
2answers
148 views
“Like” in English (and perhaps other languages)
How is English "like" — as in "you look like a monkey" — generally analyzed these days? I can think of two ways to go here. I'm tempted to call it either a preposition, or some sort of ...
4
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1answer
173 views
What is a determiner?
I asked a previous question related to this one about parts of speech. I need to figure out what a determiner (DT) is in Penn Treebank Tag Set. In the set examples found in the tag set, it appears ...
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1answer
158 views
Turn Penn Treebank into simpler POS tags
I'm working on some code for an open source package to analyze dialogic classroom transcripts. I came across an interesting article that calculates a formality measure that I wanted to try out (LINK) ...
6
votes
2answers
154 views
Are there languages where adjectives are clearly neither noun-like nor verb-like?
Most language I have some knowlege of have adjectives with are either a) are nominal in nature or b) are verbal is nature. (apologies if this is not the best wording.)
In German, Romanian, and ...
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2answers
333 views
What word has the most valid meanings, across multiple different languages? (interlingual homographs) [closed]
What word is valid across the largest number of different languages, and as different part-of-speech?
(The precise term is interlingual homographs/heteronyms/polysemes)
Examples:
'rate' is both ...
6
votes
2answers
177 views
Can the term “gerund” be linguistically defined?
The Wikipedia entry for gerund starts with a list that shows how the term is applied to various languages. And we can see that what the term actually means depends a lot on the specific language we ...
4
votes
0answers
214 views
How to decrease CRF++ feature function set?
I have a problem with the CRF++ Package. CRF++ cannot handle large training parts-of-speech corpora (large tagset and large number of words).
In fact, the number of feature functions automatically ...
8
votes
4answers
592 views
Can prepositional phrases with “of” ever be adjuncts to nouns, or only complements in English? If they can't be adjuncts, why?
This question came up while doing syntax homework. It seems to me that prepositional phrases with "of" can only ever be complements to nouns, not adjuncts. The basis for my conclusion was that, while ...
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6answers
1k views
What's the global difference between nouns and verbs?
Is there a way to distinguish nouns and verbs that applies to all languages?
This problem has been occupying my mind for some time now. I'm not quite sure how to approach this question, so I'll just ...
6
votes
2answers
188 views
What is an “adjectival article”? Apparently Albanian “të” is one
Being in Albania I decided to sit down with a word frequency list of the language and look each up so I would know some of the common words I see around me.
The second most common word in Albanian is ...
7
votes
2answers
130 views
Are there some analyses or linguists with the view that Chinese does not have lexical word class?
I'm not a linguist but a language enthusiast and I read lots of stuff about all languages mostly on the internet in blogs but also in accessible books and sometimes attempt to read some things not ...
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1answer
199 views
What diagnostics distinguish demonstratives from definite articles?
Historically, definite articles are often related to demonstratives.
How might one characterize whether a word in a language is a definite article or a demonstrative?
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2answers
211 views
Are there languages which lack a full number system but which have an indefinite article?
Most languages have a fully developed concept of numbers but many do not, for instance most Australian Aboriginal languages lack numbers and counting beyond a few such as 1, 2, and 3.
Many languages ...
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2answers
136 views
How do linguists determine whether a language has an indefinite article?
Given:
For those languages which have it, the indefinite article mostly if not always is derived from the numeral for "one".
Most languages have numbers but many lack articles.
How do linguists ...
8
votes
4answers
351 views
What parts of speech / word classes do languages most frequently lack?
Among conlangers, AllNoun is a notable syntax because it only makes use one part of speech / word class, which is analagous to nouns. A natural language I've heard of (but I can't remember or find a ...
9
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4answers
297 views
Are word classes universal?
I'm working on an application that takes a special database of words and its word class and determines the such from a given sentence. I'm now working to see if word classes that are found in English ...
