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I have found the following partial hiragana chart on t he internet. I was wondering, in IPA, how does ji (じ) differ from dji and zu (ず) differ from dzu? Technically, how are these pronounced? Thanks.
Also, with a Japanese input keyboard for Android, how do I enter the latter characters (those prefixed with a 'd' in the picture)?
The difference between these four is the topic of the article on yotsugana (四つ仮名). In south Shikoku, they appear to be all different. However, in standard Tokyo Japanese, じ = ぢ and ず = づ.
The actual diachronic change of [dz] to [z] is variable in standard Japanese. According to "The Sounds of Japanese", the affricate [dz] occurs at the beginning of a word or immediately following a syllable-final consonant, and the fricative [z] occurs in the middle immediately following a vowel. This isn't affected by which kana is used to transcribe it. The kana じ and ず are more common anyway since the gendai kanazukai (現代仮名遣い) post-WW2.
As for Rōmaji input, I've always used t + u / s + i with dakuten.
