when describing vowels, increased F2 implies that the tongue is more front, and increased F1 implies that the tongue is more low. Does F3 correspond to anything, articulation wise?
2 Answers
It doesn't map quite as nicely as height and frontness, but F3 is to some extent associated with rounding. For example, [y]
(high front rounded vowel, not palatal approximant) has a much lower F3 than [i]
.
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Rounding is systematically associated with F2. F1 and F2 are sufficient to describe vowels. Sometimes, F3 fluctuates between a rounding vowel and a normal vowel, but I am not sure it is generalisable. An example from French: images.app.goo.gl/9df84ebuq2EGmvjQ6 Commented Feb 23, 2020 at 19:51
In rhotic varieties of English, F3 is lowered in r-colored vowels. It's not the only accoustic difference between r-colored and not-r-colored vowels, but it is there.