Does anyone have any leads as to the etymology of the greek words sigao (strongs # 4601) and sige (strongs # sige) which are translated silence and silent respectively in the new testament?
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3It comes from PIE *swī-g- 'cease, be silent'; it's cognate also with Modern German schweigen, and Old English swīgan, with the same meaning. It refers to not speaking, rather than just not making noise. – jlawler Jul 14 '13 at 23:04
Chantraine, Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue grecque says the etymology is "obscure" and refers to two hypotheses:
- that it derives from an "expressive syllable" σι-, which I suppose is analogous to English shh
- that it derives from a conjectural swīg- which is also ancestral to Ger schweigen, "to be mute", and goes back to PIE su̯ī-, -g-, -k-, -p- (Pokorny 1052), "fade, weaken, etc."
Further references are at the link above. The Pokorny entry is online at Indo-European Etymological Dictionary.
answered Jul 14 '13 at 23:03
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3The *sw- etymology, however, is difficult ("très douteux" as Chantraine says) because PIE *sw- regularly gives Greek h-, not s-. – TKR Sep 23 '13 at 16:46
IE *sueigh- should become *εἱχ- in Greek. Beekes, Greek Etym. Dictionary, page 1327 suggests that σῖγα is "probably of onomatopoetic origin”.
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Note also sus, which is commonly used in the region for shhh. It is commonly thought to be from the Turkish verb susmak, but I can't find cognates of it in other Turkic languages, it could be that the verb was the derivation. – Adam Bittlingmayer Jan 7 '19 at 8:34
To connect the *swig- from old high german swīgān with the greek σιγ- one can suppose the greek interjection (that must be prior to the verb) had a digamma phonem like so *σFιγ- coming from PIE *su̯ī-g- that disappeared in the early sound history of greek.
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2This is a bad hypothesis. Even if the -w- had got lost (for some unexplained reason), the s- would still have become h-, not s-. – fdb Feb 19 '14 at 21:41
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1As fdb says, would this make a difference? Apparently "sweet" and Greek "hedus" are cognate; the digamma originally present in the later didn't preserve the s. – brass tacks Nov 22 '16 at 23:02
