Please can someone provide an example of a geminate consonant formed by total assimilation in English?
The closest I can find is from this article written by presumably Professor Ian MacKenzie:
In [the case of stops], then, a geminate must be envisaged as two discrete articulations of the consonant in question, with the first being unreleased, i.e. having no audible release burst.
To envisage what is meant by an unreleased stop, consider English words like like act, capped or dogged, in which one stop immediately follows another. Thus in act, /t/ follows /k/; in capped, /t/ follows /p/; and in dogged, /d/ follows /g/. In careful speech, both consonants in each sequence could in principle be fully pronounced, each with its in own release burst: [akt], [kapt] and [dɒgd]. However, in relaxed speech the first stop in each pair would typically be unreleased, with the speaker moving their tongue or lips into the correct articulatory position for that consonant but delaying release until the following consonant is articulated, a state of affairs which can be indicated using the ‘combining left angle above’ diacritic, as in [ak̚t], [kap̚t] and [dɒg̚d].
I am not convinced that [k̚t] is a geminate consonant, because the place of articulation of the unreleased stop is different to the place of articulation of the stop that is then released afterwards. I (believe I) can hear the difference between [ap̚t] and [ak̚t], and some languages indeed can minimally contrast by word-final unreleased stops (e.g. Thai), and I can also hear the differences between these
So does English actually form any geminate consonants apart from at word boundaries (calm man /kɑːmman/, car man /kɑːman/)? (Does /kɑːm+man/ → kɑːmman count as total assimilation?)