I assumed the question implied words other than the days of the week,
interesting because different but "functionally" related deities have
named them such as Frigg in English for Friday, and Venus in French
for vendredi.
I guess it also excluded the names of planets and other bodies of the
solar system, which are direct reuses. However some of them produced
derived word. For example martian, originally intended to denote the
inhabitants of planet Mars, has become common enough to be sometimes
used to just mean extra-terrestrial being.
You have many words, often adjectives, with a meaning related to
characteristics or attributes of the gods, for example:
venereal: having to do with physical love, mostly used in medical context.
aphrodisiac: substance that increases sexual desire, from the
Greek goddes Aphrodite
martial: related to fight and army, from Mars, Roman god of war.
jovial: from the Roman god Iupiter (genitive Iovis)
bacchanal: a crazed party with drunken revelry
cereal: and all derived words, from Ceres, Roman goddess of agriculture.
volcano: and all derived words, from Vulcan, the name of a god of fire in Roman mythology.
vulcanize: and all derived words, from Vulcan, the name of a god
of fire in Roman mythology
hermetic: from Hermes, via the vocabulary of alchemy.
The names of many chemical element s derive from names of ancient
gods:
Cerium: named after the asteroid Ceres, named itself after the Roman
goddess;
Copernicium named after Copernicus, western god of astronomy;
Helium: named after the greek Helios, the sun or sun-god;
Iridium: named after the greek Iris, goddess of rainbows;
Mercury: named after the Roman god Mercury;
Neptunium: named after the planet Neptune, named itself after the Roman god;
Palladium: named after the asteroid Ceres,named itself after the Greek
goddess Pallas Athena;
Plutonium: Named after Pluto, named itself after the Roman god Pluto;
Uranium: after the planet Uranus, itself named for the greek god Ouranos;
Vanadium: from Vanadís, one of the names of the Vanr goddess Freyja in
Norse mythology;
and a few others to be found in the list of chemical element name etymologies
And to end this list, which is certainly far from complete, one word
referring to two gods, one male and one female: Hermaphrodite.
