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Questions tagged [embedding]

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Can a nominalized clause contain a topic and a focus?

one: I’ve heard about foci in sentences—the new information typically shown in the predicate. For instance, in the sentence “Reece turned out to be the mysterious super-hero,” ... “Reece” is the ...
James Grossmann's user avatar
1 vote
0 answers
41 views

What is "operator dependence" in clause-chaining, a grammatical construction that Papuan New Guinea languages are famous for?

The Glossary of Linguistics Terms at the SIL website characterizes clause-chaining by "the possibility of long sequences of foreground clauses with operator dependence." In typical clause-...
James Grossmann's user avatar
3 votes
2 answers
217 views

Is there merit to the claim that recursive embedding was invented recently and spread horizontally?

(“Recently”: during the Classical period in Europe) This isn’t a meta-post; I’m linking to a ling.se answer because it’s the only place I know of where this idea is expressed: Why did early Indo-...
Brennan Vincent's user avatar
0 votes
0 answers
96 views

Sentence with two PPs, without recursive embedding of either in the other

I'm having some difficulty with finding an example of an English sentence which includes two consecutive prepositional phrases without embedding. Would "We ran off into the sunset" qualify?
J Park's user avatar
  • 1
6 votes
1 answer
382 views

Does Piraha syntax lack any recursion or just embedding?

I think we're all familiar with the background. Piraha is said to contradict the principles of universal grammar because it lacks embedding, but embedding and recursion aren't the same thing. Other ...
Lysander Cox's user avatar
1 vote
1 answer
614 views

What is the difference between successive-cyclic wh-movement and long-distance wh-movement?

I am concerned with movement spanning the barrier between two clauses, such as: What did John say [CP that Mary will buy __]? or What did John say [CP will Mary buy __]? //with the same meaning as ...
Aharon M. Vertmont 's user avatar
1 vote
1 answer
50 views

What's the best approach to creating word-embeddings?

I would like to obtain word embeddings (vector representation of words). Do you think it is better to try to directly obtain a word embedding using some neural network approach or is it better to ...
ryuzakinho's user avatar
2 votes
1 answer
128 views

Are examples of double-embedded content clause subjects attested?

Have you ever come across an example of a dually embedded content clause functioning as subject, such as That that it works is obvious is disputed.
Brett Reynolds's user avatar
2 votes
1 answer
3k views

What is the difference between a subordinate clause and an embedded clause?

This article, http://www.christianlehmann.eu/publ/linkage.pdf , alluded to something called an adjoined clause, which is subordinate, but not embedded. What is the difference between a subordinate ...
James Grossmann's user avatar
5 votes
2 answers
472 views

Are there languages without subordination/only with parataxis?

My Latin teacher was talking about parataxis and hypotaxis using coordinating vs subordination conjunctions. He said that may have been the way people spoke in the past. I don't believe there ever was ...
user3517501's user avatar
1 vote
0 answers
367 views

Clauses in sentences with questioning verbs, using "if"/"whether"

A friend who is a Spanish native speaker said something like this to me recently (in English) *He told her if she was Asian That sentence would be fine if the verb were "ask", but "tell" cannot ...
V_H's user avatar
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7 votes
1 answer
2k views

Why does the English complementizer "that" look like the relative pronoun "that"?

Why does the English complementizer "that" look like the relative pronoun "that"? for those This question may need to be carted off to the English Stack Exchange, unless there are other languages ...
James Grossmann's user avatar
4 votes
0 answers
124 views

Are there any natural languages in the subordination of a clause is marked only in the matrix clause?

In English, and many other languages, subordination is often marked in the subordinate clause. So complement clauses can, for example, begin with a complementizer such as English "that." e.g. "I ...
James Grossmann's user avatar
1 vote
1 answer
714 views

Why do languages with extensive verb cross-referencing morphology require less overt marking for embedding than other languages do?

Conlanging is my hobby, and I would like to think more creatively about embedding. Since nature is always more inventive than any hobbyist can be, I've been reading about embedding in natural ...
James Grossmann's user avatar
6 votes
1 answer
170 views

How are relationships between clauses marked in languages that lack sentential embedding?

I have heard that there are a few languages that lack sentential embedding. If this is the case, what grammatical devices do they use instead of adverbial clauses, complement clauses, and noun-...
James Grossmann's user avatar
15 votes
0 answers
2k views

How did Chinese recursion evolve?

The modern Chinese linguistic recursion system is essentially the same as the English one. If you have a highly embedded sentence, you can translate it word for word; the embedding is very much the ...
Ron Maimon's user avatar