Linguistics

Questions tagged [formants]

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What is the difference between a formant and resonant frequency?

From what I understand F1...F4 correspond to the 1st...4th resonant frequencies of speech. Why do we not just call them resonant frequencies? Or, in physics, why don't they call resonant frequencies ...
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22 views

Formant frequencies of regional Irish English vowels by female speakers

Do you know any research that show the formants of English Irish vowels by female speakers?
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1answer
34 views

Unmoving F1 / formant below F1?

I'm trying to understand some basics, hope this is an ok question. Here's a recording of me producing /i/, /ɛ/, /a/: https://namakajiri.net/misc/i%c9%9ba.webm nevermind the transition between the ...
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358 views

How to find F0, F1, F2,

Can anyone explain how do I manually find F0, F1, F2, etc on these images? Thank you
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109 views

What is the maximum possible number of formants?

I'm planning to make my own virtual singer software, like Yamaha's Vocaloid. Contrary to Vocaloid which composes voice syllable-wise, my software should compose voice phoneme-wise. As a consequence, ...
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0answers
45 views

What (if anything) can be inferred about the way a vowel is articulated from the fact that it has well defined higher formants?

I've been experimenting with analysing vowels in Praat. Sometimes it shows a clear F4 (which seems to mean that F4 has a narrow bandwidth - I don't know whether amplitude comes into it as well) and ...
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1answer
77 views

Displaying formants in real time

Is anybody aware of an app that will show vowel formants in real time (or more or less)? I know there are apps that will give you a spectrogram, but I can't read the output quickly or accurately ...
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2answers
66 views

Possible to get approximation of formants by "subtracting" harmonic overtones (assuming an expected ideal amplitude decrease of harmonics)?

OK - maybe a basic thing here. I'm learning about formants/harmonics, and formant extraction. One thing I was wondering if is if there is an expected decrease in amplitude of the subsequent harmonic ...
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1answer
208 views

Why were the formants of high and back vowels difficult to obtain? And why not anymore?

I was reading the second chapter of Three Areas of Experimental Phonetics by Peter Ladefoged (1967), in which he summarizes the studies he conducted in the 1950s and 1960s which demonstrated practical ...
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1answer
126 views

Will the pitch of a vowel influence its formant values?

Since that the F0 i.e. the pitch is the first harmonic and all formants are the i-th harmonics, is it possible that the formants of a vowel in a high tone are higher than those in a lower tone? For ...
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1answer
120 views

Interpreting formant intensity

I was wondering whether there is any practical way to tell whether differences in formant intensity are due to different harmonics in the source or different formants in the filter. Is there any data ...
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1answer
152 views

Formants - beyond F2

I have read that for front vowels, the cavity behind the lips (I think this must correspond to the space between the lips and the hump of the tongue) is F3, whereas for back vowels it is F2. In that ...
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50 views

Learning control over formants and sounds energy distributions

Using spectograms like Praat and Chrome Musiclabs Spectogram. I discovered that I can control my first formant by moving my tongue between front to back by consciously moving between the vowel [u] [ae]...
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1answer
540 views

What is the first formant (F1) dependent on in reference to the vocal tract?

From the resolved exercise below, it is mentioned F2 is related to the pharynx cavity and F3 is related to the front cavity. F1 is calculated taking into account the whole shape of the vocal tract. I ...
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1answer
133 views

Why is the second formant plotted as F2-F1 in vowel space plots?

In a speech and audio processing class the lecturer pointed out that the vowel space is indicated by F1 plotted against F2-F1. I have searched online, and most sources I've found (including this ...
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39 views

Can regional variations of a language cause the formant space to be reduced?

I'm doing research on speech, but I'm not a linguist. Hopefully it won't be a silly question. I have been reading a little on regional variations of formants, because in my research we use formant ...
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42 views

Get formant settings (e.g. f1, f2, f3.. frequencies, bandwidths etc) from human voice

Is there a way to convert human voice sample to formant voice? May be by extracting peculiarities from waveform? Is there a tool or a program library you can suggest?
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1answer
93 views

Perceptual salience of two consecutive syllables

Imagine the f0 of two subsequent syllables. The first rises from 200Hz to 300Hz and the second from 300Hz to 400Hz In other words, rises are both 100 Hz. Why is it the case that the first has more ...
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1answer
1k views

Where can I find a vowel analyzer app or program?

I'm looking for a smartphone app or computer program that will listen to me pronouncing a vowel and will tell me where exactly the vowel is located in the IPA vowel chart. Does anyone know of apps or ...
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1answer
123 views

Formants in Praat Exercises

How do I measure formants in a Praat graph or diagram? is there any way to calcualate formant frequency?
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212 views

Spectrograms from bandpass filters

According to Wikipedia, bandpass filters were used before the digital era began. Can anyone explain to me how they appeared or were analyzed? Spectrograms are usually created in one of two ways: ...
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2answers
129 views

How is the concept of formant used in linguistics different from that used in instrumental music?

Linguists use the term "formant" to refer to refer to those frequency components that e.g. distinguish one vowel from another. Typically, we refer to F1, F2, F3, and F4 and their role in determining ...
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1answer
194 views

The effect of speeding up speech waveforms on formant frequencies

I understand that formants represent the resonances of the vocal tract and that the frequency of a formant is determined by the shape and size of the vocal tract. If we speed up the speech waveform, ...
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2answers
607 views

Acoustic description of Polish vowels

Using formants, it is possible to produce an acoustic description of vowel quality. Basically, the first formant (F1) corresponds to vowel height, and the second formant (F2) to vowel backness, as ...
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1answer
972 views

How can I detect Formants programatically

I have used Praat to manually find formants of vowels in a word. Can we do this programmatically (automatically)? Also, I looked at speech recognition tools like CMUSphinx. Didn't find them useful ...
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2answers
299 views

How to isolate formants

How do I isolate each of the formants in my speech? I want an easy way to hear F1-F6 for learning/demonstration purposes. I believe Peter Ladefoged mentioned a way to isolate either F1 or F2 in "A ...

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