Questions tagged [generative-grammar]
A theory usually associated with Noam Chomsky that accounts for a language's grammar by a system of rules that are able to generate all the possible grammatical expressions in that language. In its original sense, "generative" does not necessarily mean "production-focussed", although it has often been understood as such. Generativists study mostly syntax, but also other aspects of linguistic structure such as morphology, phonology and semantics.
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Relative clauses in LFG
R Kaplan in "Handbook of LFG" uses a HEAD function that takes info from a higher f-structure (pred, number, gender, etc). Then it can share it with the relative pronoun or with nothing. This ...
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On stimuli control
everyone!
I have a very simple question (I think). Has anyone here done a psycholinguistics experiment? After having run my first experiment, I realized that what I had controlled to build the ...
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Complete grammars in the Generative framework
Could anyone provide examples of complete grammars of specific languages carried out within the generative theory? By complete I mean: covering every details from phonology to syntax.
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How would the introduction of a change in phonology for first-language learners affect their L1?
Imagine that a new English word is coined, like “rng”, which doesn’t follow the normal phonotactics. It catches on for cultural reasons. People pronounce it phonetically as best they can, without ...
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What is a Grammatical Function in LFG?
I'm new to LFG and know that grammatical functions are considered to be primitives in it. But how can one know that the thing one is dealing with is indeed a grammatical function?
I am reading Falk's '...
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What category position does a copular-be occupy in a basic English sentence?
Take the simplest declarative sentence with a one-verb copular-be:
They are wrong.
and assuming the simplest structure is
TP
_________|_________
| |
Spec-TP ...
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Syntactic analysis of why wh-island violations should be ungrammatical yet are commonly used
This is a type of sentence which I found myself often verging on uttering, then pausing when I realized it wasn't grammatical, and trying to find a simple fix to express the same idea with the same ...
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A book for a beginner on cartographic syntax
Can you suggest a book for a beginner on cartographic syntax? The question has been asked before, but has gone unanswered (for almost a year). I am looking for a book for a beginner,
i.e. someone ...
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wh-word and adjunction (Russian as an example)
I am reading The Syntax of Russian by John Frederick Bailyn. He takes the wh-word который to be of category AP/NP. Also he assumes that adjuncts operates at the level of XP, not X-bar.
Given that, if ...
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How can Kisserberth's idea of conspiracy is applicable in the generative explanation of word stress rules of a language X?
I am struggling to understand how can Kisserberth's concept of conspiracy is applicable in the generative explanation of word stress rules of a particular language X?
Now, if we refer to Kager's (...
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What theory of syntax and grammar do language typologists tend to prefer?
The first concerns the theory of syntax and grammar that typologists prefer:
What theory of syntax and grammar do language typologists tend to prefer? Do they prefer a transformational phrase ...
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Why do we listen and speak in the same language?
I'm asking this question from the perspective of cognitive science and the biolinguistic framework.
Production of utterances translates a representation from the CI system into a string of lexical ...
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How do different grammar theory (e.g. PSG, FG) explain word order in different language? [closed]
In typology, how do different types of grammar theories (such as phrase structure grammar, functional grammar, etc.) explain different linear word order in different languages? I know that dependency ...
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Why is binarity emphasized so much in linguistics?
I'm an aspiring linguistics student, not a professional, so my thinking may be misguided or elementary.
In my personal research about linguistics, I have discovered many important theories and ...
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Do indirect objects induce CED effects?
I'd like to ask those of you who speak English as a first language whether indirect objects induce CED effects (cf. Huang).
Consider:
Of which boy did John send [a letter] [to every friend _]?
Of ...
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How do you write split infinitives in x-bar theory syntax trees?
I want to start by saying that I am pretty new to syntax (and linguistics in general for that matter) but I've been trying to wrap my head around x-bar theory and generative grammar in the last weeks.
...
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What is [+Ref] in generative grammar?
I'm a beginner in English syntax. Some of the terminology used in papers by generative grammarians is very hard to follow. This is one case. As can be seen from the picture, the author says that "...
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How beneficial is generative syntax for a non-native looking forward to mastering English?
I really have no idea what to write in the title.
But in short, English is my second language and I would say I am good enough to handle myself in a conversation or write an essay. I have BA in ...
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What is HMC in generative grammar?
I'm currently reading a Ph.D. thesis concerning the structure of English adjectives. These generative trees are used to illustrate the structure of the phrase "someone tall". The author ...
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What are the contemporary schools of linguistics? [closed]
What are the contemporary schools of linguistics?
Which of them are more influential and which are more promising?
Which schools do the following books on English grammars belong to:
Huddleston & ...
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Book suggestions for a basic introduction to Syntactic Cartography?
I am interested in learning more about Syntactic Cartography and its basic concepts. Can anyone recommend a book or resource that provides a solid introduction to this topic? I have a background in ...
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A parser for grammars with movement
I'm trying to figure out how the parser algorithm of Harkema 2000 works. It is a bottom-up parser that uses an agenda-driven, chart-based deduction procedure, but what is not clear to me is in what ...
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Acceptability and grammaticality
My understanding of acceptability and grammaticality is this: As someone who is able to communicate in a given language I find given sentences that I hear or read more or less acceptable (in terms of ...
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What does it mean to say that a component of grammar is "interpretive"?
I have a good grasp on the idea of a generative component---clearly syntax is generative in this sense. But what is an "interpretative component" supposed to mean? Like, when a line is drawn ...
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Linguistics and ChatGPT [closed]
To which (neuro-, psycho- or general) linguistic models and theories of human language recognition and production does ChatGPT (GANs) come closest?
Or why isn't this a valid question?
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How to show the difference between the opaque reading and the transparent reading via syntax?
Is there any way using any version of Generative Grammar (EST, REST, GB, MP) to show the difference between "the transparent reading" and "the opaque reading" of the same line ...
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How can I understand "remnant movement" in English heavy-NP shift construction
Kayne 2003 mentions that there exists remnant movement in English. As background, note:
I predicted that John would marry Susan, and marry Susan/her/*Ann he will.
The argument(s) in the preposed VP ...
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Why does Chomsky consider recursion in language to be a "narrow" ability unique to humans?
There is a well-known classification of four varieties of grammars, differing in complexity, from unlimited to regular. These grammars correspond to four classes of automata in computer science:
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Can one practice generative linguistics without the UG baggage?
I'm very skeptical about Chomsky's UG axioms.
Of course he revised his concept continually, or so it seems.
In the end, I don't see any evidence yet for a 'language gene' as Pinker ridiculously ...
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Human natural language metalanguage
I was thinking about how a controlled grammar of English can be used as a programming language because it’s fully parsible.
The idea of doing this for other languages, such as Sanskrit, brought me to ...
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Inherently reflexive verbs
What is the status of herself in the following sentence?
Mary behaved herself during the class.
Is herself an internal argument? I'm a bit confused.
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How can the following phrase ambiguously have two trees: "expensive shoes from Italy"?
This is an exercise from "Introducing syntax" by Olaf Koeneman & Hedde Zeijlstra, 2017. The chapter this exercise is taken from deals with "Merge".
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Is Panini's grammar regular in the same sense as that present in the Chomsky hierarchy?
Panini's grammar is said to have algebraic rules governing every aspect of the Sanskrit language. If the rules are completely formal, what is the place of this grammar in the Chomsky hierarchy? How ...
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Handling enumerations in Generative syntax trees
How can we build syntax trees for sentences with enumerations?
I have three sentences as examples:
S1: John, Mary, Paul, Alice and Bob eat a cake.
S2: I'm eating an apple, a pear, a cherry, a ...
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Is Generative / X-bar Theory prescriptivist? (can the descriptivist linguist create X-bar syntax trees?)
I'm drawing some x-bar syntax trees. These seem highly prescriptivist in that it says that you can only do x,y & z. For example the sentence "Because I'm lazy means I'm more efficient" ...
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Is there any connection between formalism and generativism [closed]
Is generativism originated from formalism? How formalism is related to linguistics
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Do all frameworks of syntax view the string following an inverted auxiliary verb in English as the complement of the auxiliary?
This is a follow-up question of an earlier question titled:
In X bar theory, is the first auxiliary the head of an interrogative clause and the remainder the complement?
In that question, I had this ...
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In generative grammar, is the first auxiliary always the head of an interrogative clause?
In generative grammar, be it transformational or not, is the first auxiliary always the head of an interrogative clause? For example, in (1), is the first auxiliary will always the head of (1)?
(1) ...
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Is there a linguistic term for “grammatically well-formed word salad”?
The accepted answer to this question quoted Chomsky's (1955) famous “sentence” Colorless green ideas sleep furiously and an earlier example from Tesnière (1940s), which translates to English as The ...
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Are there generative theories of grammar with privative features outside of phonology?
By "generative grammar", I take the widest interpretation and do not mean "Chomsky's theory of syntax today", thus HPSG and LFG would be instances of GG(broad). Phonology has a ...
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To what extent was Chomsky influenced by Tesnière?
Kind of a question about the meta-history of linguistics as a discipline. Chomsky released 'Syntactic Structures' in the US in 1957; Tesnière released Éléments de syntaxe structurale posthumously ...
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What is a verb constellation?
I am reading a paper "Aspectual Categories in Navajo" and the author refers to something called a "verb constellation:"
Verb constellations are associated with the situation types ...
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Principles and Parameters vs. Government and Binding
I'm a little confused about the difference between P&P and GB.
This Wikipedia article suggests that they are the same as grammar frameworks, from what I understood:
Principles and parameters as a ...
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Resultative secondary predicate
In the sentence 'John entered the room angry', can 'angry' be considered a resultative predicate? This sentence has the same construction as 'John painted the door green', but while 'green' describes ...
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What limitations of generative grammar was Lakoff referring to?
In his keynote address in 2015, George Lakoff said the following (at 22:10)
The whole idea of generative grammar fell apart. There were things that you could not do with it. Even if it was ...
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Why is the subject outside the VP in most theories of syntax?
I'm trying to understand why in most theories of syntax, the subject of a sentence is the sister of the verb, and not the child eg:
S -> NP VP instead of
VP -> NP V (NP...)
The latter feels more ...
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Is it a defining feature of generative grammar that the object is in the VP?
According to Wikipedia, generative grammar is distinguished by its putting the object of a sentence inside a VP. How reasonable is this assumption?
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Can Studying Generative Grammar Help Someone Understand the Word Order of a Language?
Let's say for example that someone wanted to learn French. Would studying French's generative grammar help this person learn French word order?
Also, have there been any studies that teach L2 ...
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VSO languages and generative grammar
I'm wondering how generative grammar handles VSO languages
It seems to me that the subject splits up the verb phrase, and so you're going to have to have some sort of movement going on and a different ...
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Is "of the kitten" in "the paw of the kitten" a complement to the NP or an adjunct to the DP?
I'm drawing a tree for "the paw of the kitten" (from chapter 7 of Andrew Carnie's Syntax: A Generative Introduction). This chapter is "extending X-bar theory", so please keep that ...
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