Questions tagged [ipa]
The International Phonetic Alphabet: A Latin-based alphabet designed for transcribing all sounds of all languages.
244
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[a̟]: advanced front vowel?
I saw [a̟] in PHOIBLE and thought "okay, it's an advanced front vowel-- hold on, it's already in the front." Is it an error in PHOIBLE or an error in my linguistic knowledge? What effect ...
0
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1answer
52 views
When we breathe through the nose, do we normally make an unvoiced uvular nasal?
I was thinking about what sounds we make when we breathe through our nose. I realized that we make a sound that is very far back, farther than the velar nasal. Do we normally make this sound, and is ...
4
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3answers
704 views
What do you call double consonants that are not affricates?
For example, the IPA Help page for English lists these consonants:
hw whine
lj lute
nj new
sj consume
θj enthuse
zj Zeus
Is there a name to refer to this type of double consonants?
I'm thinking &...
4
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2answers
297 views
IPA diacritic for “no oral release” of nasals
Is there a diacritic in IPA for explicitly marking a nasal consonant as orally released (like coda nasals in careful speech in English) or having no oral release (like coda nasals in Cantonese)?
In ...
2
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1answer
136 views
Is a diphthong nasalized before a nasal?
I am learning IPA and I learned that vowels are nasalized before nasals. When we are transcribing nasalized vowels, we write the tilde over them to denote that they are nasalized. My question is "...
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2answers
149 views
What does the ◌͇ diacritic mean in the IPA?
I once saw [ʐ͇] and couldn't figure out what the diacritic meant.
Any help is appreciated.
0
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1answer
47 views
Differences between /ᵐb/ (prenasalization) and /mb/
What's the difference between prenasalized voced plosive /ᵐb/ and just the sound /mb/, if any? I've watched this video where /ᵐbʷ/ is pronounced, and I'd pronounce /mbʷ/ in the same way.
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1answer
131 views
About the “ᵊ” superscript in IPA
I apologize for a diletant question but does "ə" in "piᵊŋ" indicate a secondary articulation? I couldn't find it in the list of "Co-articulation diacritics" on Wikipedia'...
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3answers
2k views
Is there a reason that /w/ isn't represented on the IPA chart?
The sound that represents the English <w>, as in "week", is the voiced labio-velar approximant /w/. In the "Consonant" section of the Wiki page for the IPA, however, /w/ isn'...
3
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1answer
155 views
Is h↓ the correct IPA representation of the ingressive “fast gasp”, meaning “uh-huh”, in French?
Spoken French has two ingressive forms of "yes". One is "ouais" [wɛ↓], equivalent to "yep" in English. The other is a "pure" ingressive sound, described ...
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0answers
43 views
Is there any IPA TTS software that also considers tone
I want to create audio files for a conlect of Chinese I am studying, and therefore tone is one aspect I have to consider. Many of the IPA to speech software I've seen so far don't consider tone (or ...
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1answer
33 views
IPA segment for a sentence in American English [closed]
Could someone please help me out with the IPA segments for the phrase "Critical Equipment needs proper maintenance"? There have been varying answers and I'd like to know if I'm on the right track.
...
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1answer
939 views
Is there a French IPA translator for free?
I am looking for a completely free French IPA translator as I'm currently attempting to learn the language and need help understanding the pronunciation. Looking for a text translator, audio optional
0
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1answer
98 views
Why is the vowel speech sound (called “ash”) in “Tank” and “Cat” considered the same?
The vowel in "Tank" sounds more like ɛ to me, yet the IPA spelling for "Tank" (as pronounced in General American English) employs the ash [æ] to represent the vowel. The same for the word "thank" in ...
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2answers
98 views
Is there software (eg. desktop or mobile app) out there that helps learners learn all the sounds of the world with the IPA?
I wished there was one where the app would synthesise a sound for some phoneme X, displaying the IPA symbol at the same time, then ask the user to repeat the sound, which the software checks for the ...
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2answers
109 views
Semi-nasalization of the preceding vowel
In this French Wikipedia article on the pronunciation of Occitan, semi-nasalization of the preceding vowel is mentioned. For example, from the table of consonants:
-n final
muet en général ([n] dans ...
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1answer
85 views
Strange Vocal Trills (L, Th, and Q)
I’m currently spending my quarantine working on the language for my novel. The language is alien-like, so I wanted to make it extremely difficult in it’s phonology. There are several trills. The ...
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3answers
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Why does IPA have stress in /ɡəˈʃtɔlt/ before instead of after the /ʃ/?
Why does IPA have stress here /ɡəˈʃtɔlt/ instead of here /ɡəʃˈtɔlt/?
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2answers
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Why is the diphthong in 'say' and 'fate' /eɪ/ rather than /ɛi/?
When I say the word 'day,' I say /dɛi/, or perhaps /dɛj/. However, when I look at any dictionary that uses IPA, they always write the diphthong as /eɪ/. Why is this? Maybe my dialect of English (UK ...
0
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2answers
48 views
What is the use or quality of the orthography-to-IPA mapping charts?
In relation to How to build a robust transliteration scheme across languages? I am now confused about orthography-to-IPA mappings, such as for Turkish. When you see the orthograph like the letter a ...
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2answers
51 views
Where to download phonetic word list for Dutch/ Nederlandse fonetische woordenlijst downloaden
I cannot find phonetic word lists / dictionaries online for Dutch.
Please provide me with a url.
What do you use?
What is available?
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1answer
77 views
Where to download phonetic word list for English
I need phonetic word lists / dictionaries for English.
I did not assume that this would be hard to find online.
What do you use?
What is available?
3
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1answer
291 views
What are partially voiced stops (as in Danish)?
In researching the Danish language, I've read about a series of stops [b̥ d̥ ɡ̊]. What are those? Apparently they are different from the commonplace voiced stops [b d ɡ] and the voiceless stops [p t k]...
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2answers
133 views
What is this Cree sound in IPA?
https://nehiyo.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/uy-uyiwak.mp3
I have been trying to find an equivalent to this sound. The language is Canadian Plains Cree. It's not "i" as in bite or fight.
Is there an ...
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4answers
653 views
What do these subscripts/superscripts mean in IPA?
Here is an example of a sentence from the Glossika course in Taiwanese Hokkien:
The "Phonics" line is the IPA line. (The "Typing" line is the Tâi-lô romanization; I don't know where the "...
0
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1answer
59 views
Resources for Bantu Language IPA
I am a developer for a Bantu language, Shona to be specific.
Where can I find resources that allow me to learn the IPA for this language.
Is there an IPA alphabet that I can use.
Thank you
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2answers
149 views
Do we have acoustic phonetics alphabet?
After looking for something like this, I have found only IPA as a system that tries to represent human sounds with symbols; but there is an argument that IPA does not actually represents the sounds ...
2
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1answer
70 views
International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) chart handbook
As a gift for a friend who is finishing a translatio degree I wanted to get a large IPA chart poster and would like to accompany it with a guide for it.
I have seen there is an official handbook but I ...
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0answers
163 views
Is there an API that converts a word into an IPA Transcriptions?
We want to automatically generate the IPA Transcription for a person's name when we create a record for them in our application. Does anyone know of an API service that can do this?
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2answers
129 views
Are there any letters in the International Phonetic Alphabet that are considered universal?
English is full of sounds that are difficult for people of other cultures to hear and pronounce. H (for the French), L (for many Asian languages), Th (for pretty much everyone), etc.
What, if any, ...
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3answers
223 views
IPA consonant chart confusion, which chart to use?
I'm a bit confuse between three IPA consonants chart.
The consonant chart from the official IPA chart;
The chart from the English Wikipedia which has different symbol for the same sound but contains ...
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1answer
113 views
pronunciation of [əj]
According to Wiedenhof's A Grammar of Mandarin, page 42,
The pronunciation of the final -ui [weı] vary with the accompanying
tone for some speakers. With first or second tone, the u sound tends
...
9
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2answers
375 views
Do voiceless approximants exist? What is the consensus among phoneticians/phonologists?
Voiceless sounds that are produced with supralaryngeal configurations that would be considered approximants if voiced are attested in languages (i.e. [j̊], [l̥], etc.), but none are found to contrast ...
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4answers
155 views
What is the most universally understood way to represent the “ay” sound of “CAKE” substituting the standard a for a single character?
I am making up an imaginary word to be used as a name.
Right now I seem to have it ending in "tata", but want it to be clear it is pronounced as "tay-tah" not "tah-tah"
I admit that I do not know my ...
0
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2answers
164 views
Transcription of this computer-generated pronunciation of 1991 in Danish
I came across this Google Translate pronunciation of 1991 (which it appears to be interpreting as the year rather than the cardinal or ordinal); click the thumbnail for the video on YouTube:
I don’t ...
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1answer
311 views
Google Translate Thai with IPA transcription?
IPA is international standard for transcribing phonetic of any language (AFAIK, I am not a linguist), and https://translate.google.com/ is excellent tool for translating between languages. But when I ...
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3answers
3k views
Can the IPA represent all languages' tones?
The IPA's current tone system can show five different tone levels, and any contours formed from them.
Is there any language for which this is insufficient? In other words, is there any (known, ...
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2answers
234 views
How can I write an interdental lateral in phonetic transcription?
Inspired by this answer here is my question: How can I write a interdental lateral in phonetic transcription (IPA preferred, but not a necessary requirement, other wide spread phonetic notation ...
3
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1answer
417 views
Can someone explain the English 'W' sound?
I have found out that the English letter 'W', as in the word "weep", is classified as a voiced labiovelar approximant. To quote Wikipedia:
Its place of articulation is labialized velar, which means ...
2
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2answers
89 views
What is the standard representation of a stop which could be either ejective or aspirated?
I’m working with a language which differentiates between aspirated and ejective stops. Is there a linguistic convention that I can use in writing descriptive rules for processes which both aspirated ...
2
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1answer
162 views
IPA Sound used for grapheme 'R' in some English dialects?
A number of years ago, I was working with some friends on conlanging for a fictional society. At the time, we didn’t know about IPA or formalized sound descriptions like “voiceless ...
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1answer
277 views
IPA transcriptions for Norwegian
Are there online sources for Norwegian transcription?
NAOB gives an orthographic one, UiB Ordbokene do not have transcription at all.
4
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1answer
731 views
Proto-Indo-European (PIE) words with IPA
Are there any resources that can show IPA pronounciation for each PIE word? Either with laryngeals or without laryngeals?
Wikitionary gives me only small list Category:Proto-Indo-European terms with ...
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4answers
2k views
Is the schwa sound consistent?
The first syllable in "about" (ə'baʊt) is schwa, so is the second one in the "salad" ('sæləd), but iv'e never heard them pronounced the same way.
in salad it sounds more like the i in "trick".
...
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2answers
85 views
British English offglides
The offglide of the English diphthongs /aʊ/ and /əʊ/ is represented by the vowel /ʊ/. In other languages, such as Portuguese and Spanish, they are represented in the same way, but they sound ...
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2answers
3k views
What do you call an IPA symbol that lacks a name (e.g. ɲ)?
Some IPA symbols such as ɲ lack any name, and when I tried searching for the symbol online, the pages I got only showed palatal nasal.
But I wonder what I should call it when I talk with others. Is ...
0
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1answer
177 views
The TRAP vowel: a or ä?
If my mouth is open and my tongue is completely relaxed, do I make an [a] or an [ä]?
Which one is more common for the TRAP vowel in British English?
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1answer
78 views
With SSML phoneme tags using IPA phonetic symbols, how can I insert pauses to slow down pronounciation?
Note
For my text to speech engine (I use Cereproc, William Voice).
The engine can be used on the website here:
https://www.cereproc.com/
and it supports the ssml tags used in this question..
...
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1answer
2k views
How to split IPA spelling into syllables
First, please forgive my ignorance, I'm completely new to linguistics.
Given the IPA spelling for word, is it possible to programmatically split it into its sounds? So, for example, given the word "...
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0answers
259 views
Why do we transcribe the vowel sound in 'how' as /aʊ/?
The diphthong /aʊ/ doesn't really make sense to me as a transcription. I'm a Southern British English speaker, and when I say and hear 'how' it sounds to me like /hæɒw/.
/a/ doesn't seem to exist as ...
