Questions tagged [parts-of-speech]
The traditional set of eight word classes: Noun, verb, adjective, adverb, preposition, conjunction, pronoun, and interjection.
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When designing a dictionary for multiple languages, what should be a single "entry" (focusing on languages like English)?
I am looking at this dictionary guide and just looked up homophones to see how you might handle unrelated words with same spelling and pronunciation and part of speech. Google has basically separate ...
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Can "words" ever have multiple parts of speech?
I am considering the design of database schemas for various word types, and wondering how the properties work. For example, it appears that a wordnet entry has 1 partOfSpeech and 1 lemma. But I don't ...
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"come a long way" [V+OBJ/COMP/ADJUNCT]?
Can someone tell me
i) in terms of constituent tree structure, if a long way is a complement as opposed to an adjunct
ii) in terms of thematic roles, whether a long way takes on the role of location ...
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Alternate classification of Language objects?
In the normal Grammar that we learn in school, we have concepts such as nouns, verbs, adverbs and so on. In some languages, certain concepts of this framework have no resembling equivalent. For eg, in ...
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COCA corpus: Is it possible to display a list search result as parts of speech?
I want to know what parts of speech (and in what frequency) follow a word or phrase. If I do a list search, for example "for the purpose of *", the result is a list of the actual words in ...
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The sequence of parts of speech in English
Considering the main eight parts of speech, every two adjacent words in a sentence can be one of the possible 64 pairs. The probability of these pairs significantly varies, as some might even be ...
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How can I tell if a word like "multiple" is being used as an adjective or determiner?
A new dashboard design, including multiple buttons, ...
Dictionaries I've looked in only list "multiple" as an adjective. It makes sense to me that in the above sentence, it could be ...
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How do "transform into" and "turn into" function syntactically?
He turned into a car
He transformed into a car
What are the syntactic categories of "transform", "turn", and "into" in each sentence?
I think that "turned into&...
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Can "has been" be copular? Can the perfect tenses be copular?
Do any or all of these conjugations of 'be' count as copulae?
I have been a plumber
I could have been a plumber
I have been startled
I think they might not be, because they aren't really ...
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How come you can say "I am glad that ...", but you can't say "I am fine that ..." [closed]
For example, you might say
"I am glad that we are having pizza for dinner",
but you wouldn't say
"I am fine that we are having pizza for dinner".
Or you might say
"I am fine ...
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What's the term for changing a word's part of speech while maintaining the root?
I'm looking for a term that describes changing a word's part of speech while maintaining the root word. For example changing the verb "remember" into the noun "remembrance" or the ...
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How can I tell the difference between types of assimilation?
I am currently studying linguistics (new to the subject) and I have a challenging time understanding the different assimilation forms.
So far we studied these:
Assimilation of voicing only (place and ...
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How can you 'test' for grammatical properties in A Student's Introduction to English Grammar?
According to the book A Student's Introduction to English Grammar (2005), grammatical terms, e.g., subject, object, noun, verb, adjective, etc. should not be defined by meaning, but by grammatical ...
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Does a possessive nominalize an adjective in Indonesian?
Fletch’s song “Laraku, Pilumu”
“Sedih,” “lara,” “pilu”….
Those are all adjectives, yet they’re being modified by possessives (“-ku,” “-mu,” “kita manusia,” et cetera.).
Does it mean that possessives ...
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What is a good multi language translation system for individual parts of speech such as verbs, nouns, adjectives?
I am developing a language learning tool in Python that generates dual-language books intended to be read as audio books.
The system should work by giving single word translations after every ...
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What is the proper definition of a verb?
I do apologise if the question is wordy, but I feel some context is required for me to stand any chance of finding a satifactory answer.
I have been struggling to understand why the word "is"...
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Why words in many romance languages don't have more than one part of speech, unlike words in English
I have recently just realized that in English, sometimes the same word will have different part of speech depends on the way you pronounce it.
For example, record can be a noun or a verb depends on ...
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Understanding "inflection" and "grammatical category"
The Wikipedia article Morphology says:
A further difference is that in word formation, the resultant word may differ from its source word's grammatical category whereas in the process of inflection ...
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Are WH-determiner, WH-adverb and WH-pronoun mutually exclusive?
I was going through this article. It describes WH-determiners, WH-adverbs and WH-pronouns. Below are examples for each from the article:
WH-determiners
What book are you reading?
Which plane is he ...
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Possessive vs non possesive WH-pronouns
I was going through Jurafsky book. It says following about pronouns in the context of tag set:
Wh-pronouns (what, who, whom, whoever) are used in certain question forms, or act as complementizers (...
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Why are prepositions and subordinate conjunctions grouped as the same tag in the Penn Treebank tag set?
I was reading a book by Jurafsky et. al. It states following:
English adpositions occur before nouns, hence are called prepositions. They can
indicate spatial or temporal relations, whether literal (...
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Rationale for grouping my list of trauma collocates into nouns and adjectives
Context: I have a dataset of words within a 5-word window of trauma (i.e., trauma collocates) and they've been parsed into parts of speech (nouns, adjectives, verbs, etc.). I am wanting to look at the ...
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What parts of speech and sentence constituents are "yes" and "no" words in answers?
Let's look at some examples:
— Would you like some ice cream?
— No.
— Are you happy?
— Yes.
According to Wiktionary “yes” is a particle:
ParticleyesUsed to show agreement or acceptance...
“No” and “...
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English words that can be only used as nouns
Is there a term for words that can be only used as nouns?
For example, I think "history" and "sofa" are such words, but "book" and "dog" are not.
I'm looking ...
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Are there any academic papers on the "Adjective like (article) Noun" construction/ phrase?
I am currently working on a paper about the "Adj like (article) Noun" construction. Some would consider that which comes after the "like"-part to be a prepositional phrase if "...
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How do you distinguish verbs, nouns, and adjectives in Chinese?
I am messing around with a conlang and trying to figure out how to write sentences. Man this is hard, there are so many possibilities and I don't know where to start.
But basically, I am looking at ...
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What parts of speech are common across every language?
I am trying to make a word game, and part of it requires dividing the words into types. I want it it to work across any language, but so far I can only see 3 things that seem to exist in every ...
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Is this phrase or clause a clause?
Is "lefty loosey, righty tighty" a clause?
Or what is "lefty loosey, righty tighty"?
Or what part of speech is "lefty loosey, righty tighty"?
Or what part of speech is ...
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How to extract Subject-Verb-Object from a sentence?
Given a corpus of sentences, is there a way to extract subject-verb-object triplets? What is the state-of-art in detecting SVO triplets?
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Looking for a theoretical treatment of closed- and open-classes
The concept of open-class (e.g. English nouns) and closed-class (e.g. English prepositions) word categories seems to be taken as a given in a lot of papers and textbooks. I'm looking for a treatment ...
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What part of speech is a phoneme?
I wanted to know what part of speech a phoneme might be or I wanted to know if a phoneme might be a part of speech and I wanted to know if a phoneme can be an affix. I also wanted to know what a ...
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What part of speech is a letter?
I wanted to know what part of speech a letter might be or I wanted to see if I understand letters. Do people ask this question in this place? Or am I in the place where people would ask this?
I asked ...
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Part of speech of the word 'board' when in a compound word
When splitting the compound adjective 'onboard', there are two words; 'on' and 'board'.
'On' is a preposition, but what part of speech is 'board'?
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What does 'MSP' stand for in the context of Chinese parts of speech?
The Part-Of-Speech Tagging Guidelines for the PennChineseTreebank(3.0) uses several acronyms without defining them. I am a hobbyist student of Chinese linguistics as part of my study of Chinese.
I ...
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Is ‘for’ a complementizer or a preposition in ‘prefer for John to stay’
As the title says, in ‘prefer for John to stay’, is ‘for’ a complementizer and the following is a CP, or a preposition?
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What is the relation between a specifier and a determiner?
Does specifier mean "the" and "possesser" and determiner mean "the" and "possessive 's"?
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What Non-Austronesian languages have a linker or ligature?
In Tagalog, there is a particle called a linker or a ligature, with two forms: na and -ng /-ŋ/. The ligature's main function is to link modifiers (like adjectives and adverbs) and the words that they ...
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Buy one free one
In Malaysia it’s common to see “buy one free one” offers in supermarkets, pharmacies etc. I’m a speaker of British English and this construction hurts my ears, but apparently it’s perfectly idiomatic ...
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Is duck typing valid to identify parts of speech?
Let's say we're trying to identify a word or a phrase and on the surface it seems a bit strange and to not fit into an easily identified category/part of speech (POS).
Is it valid to say "If it walks ...
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Can adjectives assign thematic roles in English (or other languages)?
Example: The dog was very excited or he was a very excited dog
Does excited assign the role of experiencer to dog in either case?
Do adjectives assign them in other languages?
Or would we say that ...
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The linguistic terms for "chains" of similar structures (review material)
Could someone help me identify what these are?
I know that "noun chains" are called "noun phrases", and "verb chains" are called "verb phrases", but I don't know the equivalent for adverbs, ...
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Are words classified (PoS) according to their use in a sentence, or does classification precede usage?
This is a rather broad question, so I'd like to limit this to verbs, at least in this explication of the question.
Verbs take many forms and roles in sentences. Present participles can take the role ...
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Can the shift in grammatical usage of "an X-ese [person]" be explained linguistically?
While reading An Introduction to Information Theory by John R. Pierce, I was distracted by a linguistic artifact (on page 251 of the second edition):
We can tell our friends apart, […] but we find ...
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A question about Carnie's subcategories and features
From Carnie's "Syntax: A Generative Introduction":
This notation is not explicitly explained. What does it mean? (I'll write my conjecture below)
Recall that T is defined as follows:
So I guess the ...
user31981
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Are nouns ever a closed class?
For pretty much any grammatical category, I can think of a language in which it's a closed class. Japanese has closed classes of verbs and (verb-like) adjectives, for example, while Swahili has a ...
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( New formulation) Are parts of speech syntactic categories? ( A question on generative grammer)
I only have a rudimentary ( or even less than rudimentary) knowledge of generative grammar.
But what strikes me is that the sentence formation rules are coinded using parts of speech. For example ( ...
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Literature on contemporaneous analyses of languages that pre-date or are not influenced by Aristotle's "Categories" and the grammatici
Does anyone know of literature on contemporaneous analyses of languages that pre-date or are not influenced by Aristotle's "Categories" and the grammatici? For example, did the Chinese analyze Chinese ...
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Infinitive Marker
In English, is the infinitive marker a part of speech? I noticed that Oxford was using it in the PoS lexical entry position for one sense of "to": https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/us/to
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What are "Auxilliary nouns" in Kyrgyz?
I have heard that the Kyrgyz language has some special words termed "auxilliary nouns" (жардамчы атоочтор in Kyrgyz), but I wasn't able to find out what those words are and how they work in that ...
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How to determine temporal prepositions
I have several phrases in my text such as
'The changes are consistent with post radiotherapy phrases'
I would like to pick these sentences up
Is there a way of using parts of speech to determine ...
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