All Questions

For the last week I've been wondering about how bilingual children (English-Spanish) might struggle with the acquisition of the "ser"/"estar" copulas, considering how these are ...

Why did historical linguists impute propitius to PIE *per-1? How do they semantically appertain? All boldenings are mine. propitiation (n.) late 14c., propiciacioun, "atonement, expiation," ...

Proto-Indoeuropean language (p-IE) has been the subject of study for more than 200 years, and a great deal of work has been published has been written about p-IE reconstruction. In addition, there are ...

I have found that Adam and Eve spoke Adamic language. But for that there is no X-English dictionary. Then in the Tower of Babel they said that the first one was Hebrew, which is my guess here. Thank ...

What is the X modeling tree for this sentence? "She has decided that owners of big cars without children should pay tax."

What is the X modeling tree for this sentence? " Pirate will meet the new governess in the foyer of the opera."

About the Flesch-Kincaid reading ease formula: F = 206.835 − (84.6 ∗ S) − (1.015 ∗ P) I don't understand the meaning of the coefficient choices. Why those specific numbers? Are the studies behind the ...

What is the semantic type of the expression not in the structure below? I understand that proper nouns have their generalized qualifier types, but I am unsure how to derive the semantic type from the ...

What is the monotonicity of an individual substitute? How do you determine it? Please explain giving an example

In the context of places of articulation of consonants, what does "anterodorsal" mean? I came across it in the 2008 paper by Wai-Sum Lee: The Articulation of the Coronal Sounds in the Peking ...

I have observed in संस्कृत sentences that sometimes a word ends in ं (e.g. पुस्तकं) and sometimes in म् (e.g. पुस्तकम्) . Is there a rule for when to use either?

For consonants, IPA describes 'place of articulation': the part of the mouth the tongue makes contact with, and 'manner of articulation': how the sound is produced there. Speakers may use the blades ...

In the context of corpora for speech recognition, we can distinguish read speech and spontaneous (or conversational) speech. A spontaneous speech corpus usually consists of recordings and ...

We all know the nasal ɲ, found in a variety of languages including the Spanish ñ. However, instead of n, why not m or more specifically [mj]? Why are these 2 consonants not considered one, unlike [nj] ...

I would like to understand head driven phrase structure grammar better. Could someone please write some of its formal rules which pertain to continuous verbs, and explain what they are saying?

How would you write the following sentence? Use AI to auto translate your store in one click. Or Use AI to auto translate your store with one click.

It seems to me that high voles like i would more naturally follow alveolo-palatal consonants because the need to "spread the lips" (in the popular description of the latter) seem to more ...

I would like to use a rigorous and comprehensive theory of the grammar of English to formulate some grammar rule and then computationally/programmatically check whether a sentence abides by it (not as ...

I'm curious based on would-be standard samples such as provided on Wikipedia; compare the same [male] speaker there trying to show the difference between (alveolo-palatal) ɕ and (palato-alveolar) ʃ. ...

This question has been inspired by the fact that I’ve recently heard the Swiss talk among each other and I started to dig deeper. Having done minors in Italian and American studies which each included ...

How many cases are marked for regular nouns in English? I see online the following: The English language has just three cases: subjective, possessive and objective. Most nouns, many indefinite ...

I just wondered if any of y'all know if there's a website which can find you native speakers in various languages to get judgments on the acceptability of sentences.

Why is PGmc *hanhaną cogante with *hōkaz, variant of *hakô (“hook”) and not with *hanhuz?

I do a research about the words of action of mixing something in Swedish. I found two frequent words 'röra' and 'blanda'. Is there any difference in the meanings and in the use of these words? Also ...

What is the motivation to assume an unpronounced Pro when there is infinitival phrase in the context of phrase structure grammar? Eg. I hope to hit the target.

for example why do some sources transcribe ღ and ხ as /ɣ x/ while others transcribe it as /ʁ χ/ also ა is transcribed as /a/ by some while others transcribe it as /ɑ/ can anyone explain to me what's ...

This is something that's bothered me since learning Latin in high school a decade or so ago--it seems like the concepts of "yes" and "no" that I, as a native speaker of English, ...

I'm reading a paper which makes use of word dependency relationships from the Stanford Dependencies (SD) list. One such relation they refer to as "Predeterminer" and "Noun Premodifer&...

There is conflicting information online, and I believe search engines just push me the "pop facts" instead of the modern scientific consensus. Do native bilinguals have smaller vocabularies ...

For example: 'Never was I so offended' There is already a T to C inversion with 'was', where do we put the word 'Never'? And how should we label it? AdvP or Neg?

What is etymology of name መለስ in tigary language and its meaning? In south Arabian inscriptions was found name of "mns" was one of followers of hymirite king abraha. Is name relation to ...

From An Introduction to Language and Linguistics by Fasold and Connor-Linton, on auxiliary movement: It may seem strange that movement is done in two steps, copying and deletion of the original, ...

I suspect that homonyms and homophones may arise as multiple words from different languages are brought into a language, winding up with the same graphemic and/or phonemic representation. The same ...

I apoligize that this question is not very formalized. Maybe the assumption in the question is wrong. I am asking because looking at latin, greek and sanskrit, these languages seem quite similar to ...

Society always drops, creates and re-uses words. But how does that happen? When do we get to decide what word to use, dump, or create, and in what method does that occur? Does someone invent a new ...

Specifically, I am looking for something: That isn't just an introduction, but neither a comprehensive "everything we can currently say on the topic" kind of text. That goes back to about ...

I would like to see a system that can convert any sentence to its most neutral phrasing. Maybe Wordnet, which is a network of related words, has this kind of semantic information inside it. However, I'...

Pardon my word choice, since I'm obviously lacking the background in linguistics. I know that language-specific questions are off-topic, yet I still like to use Finnish as an example, since it spawned ...

Why do phrases like "the car in Texas" break down into (NP (Det the) (N car) (PP (P in) (NP (N Texas)))) Why is the prepositional phrase "in Texas" constituted of the ...

I am not even an amateur in linguistics, especially semantics. I want to use this idea in computational linguistics that I am also new there. The idea is how to deal with nouns that become more ...

In syntax trees in English, can prepositional phrases, modifying either verbs or nouns, ever be sibling to the verb or noun itself for example and not a verb phrase/noun phrase? I've heard the correct ...

The Wikipedia page on adjuncts gives the example Yesterday, Lorna saw the dog in the garden. Notice that this example is ambiguous between whether the adjunct in the garden modifies the verb saw (in ...

I'm trying to help people express themselves better, where they start with a thought or feeling inside their head, and then find the best word that matches it, before adding distinctive qualities. So ...

It seems like although there may be gaps in theories of phonology and syntax we have a pretty good understanding of the nature of the system. Syntax is some kind of computational system based on tree-...

I'm currently working on an internationalisation project for a large web application - initially we're just implementing French but more languages will follow in time. One of the issues we've come ...

Is there a full list of codes in ISO-639-6:2009 (Codes for the representation of names of languages — Part 6: Alpha-4 code for comprehensive coverage of language variants) such as a cached mirror or ...

(1)[Zhangsan] zhidao [ta] zuo de dui. Zhangsan know he do right (2)??[Zhangsan] zhidao [ta] zuo le zhejian shiqing. Zhangsan know he do ASP this thing Huang1988 proposed that the ...

In seems to me that in Wikipedia's sound samples for the vowel sounds, there's often some vocal fry, especially in the back vowels. Vowels like ɑ æ ä e and to a lesser extent: ɤ o ɜ œ. Do you concur? ...

Is there a recent review article summarising all known sentence segmentation methods?

According to Wikipedia, prothesis is "the addition of a sound or syllable at the beginning of a word without changing the word's meaning or the rest of its structure". In its entry for the ...