43
votes
Accepted
Why isn’t the letter “G” immediately after “C” in the alphabet?
Short answer: The letter G was inserted into the Latin alphabet on the place of the letter Z that was abolished officially at the same time. For more information, see this answer and also this answer ...
- 28.5k
39
votes
Accepted
Is the Indo-European language family made up?
The claim cited in the quote is definitely wrong. The existence of language families is inferred from the data on extant and ancient languages, and there is a rigorous methodology used in this ...
- 28.5k
27
votes
When did Hebrew start replacing Yiddish?
Did Hebrew replace Yiddish?
I would say the decline of Yiddish and the rise of Hebrew are separate.
Yiddish declined suddenly because of the Holocaust. It arguably would have declined anyway, but it ...
- 7,293
19
votes
At what point does a language become its descendant?
This is a difficult question. Greek is perceived as one language despite the fact that Classical Greek is no longer intelligible for a native speaker of Modern Greek without exposure to the classical ...
- 28.5k
19
votes
Is the Indo-European language family made up?
The Indo-European family is completely made up, yes. But not for the reason cited in that comment. And the fact it's made up doesn't mean it's not real.
Sciences often posit the existence of things ...
- 4,368
19
votes
Accepted
When did Hebrew start replacing Yiddish?
It's an even more complicated story than that! In fact, in the 19th C, there was a strong literary scene of modern novels in Hebrew among European Jews before there was a strong Yiddish literary scene....
- 2,334
18
votes
Accepted
Which comes first? Grammar or language?
Linguists make a distinction between prescriptive and descriptive grammar,
and the answer to your question depends on which of the two you are talking about.
Prescriptivists set forth their rules ...
- 12.3k
18
votes
Is Turkish older than Bulgarian?
Rather than a direct answer, let me explain why it makes little sense to ask such a question. Current languages didn't appear at a distinct moment in time,[1] but rather it evolved gradually from an ...
- 341
18
votes
Why isn’t the letter “G” immediately after “C” in the alphabet?
We know that the Romans invented the letter G, derived its shape from C, and put G in seventh place.
jk linked to an answer to a Latin.SE question. None of the answers to that question, nor any of ...
- 602
14
votes
Accepted
Why does Polish use "w" instead of "v"?
It wasn't always written this way: in the earliest records of written Polish (such as the Bull of Gniezno), the letters "u" and "v" were used for this sound as well. There was no official "standard" ...
- 58.9k
13
votes
Accepted
Is modern English the most spoken language of all time?
This is an interesting question, though it really is a question of history or statistics, rather than linguistics.
The "most spoken language in history" is certainly a modern language, just ...
- 669
12
votes
Who was the first to call noun classes "genders"?
It depends on whether you mean strictly English (since gender is an English word) or do you include the historical antecedents in other languages. The origin of the concept and term is Aristotle in ...
- 75.2k
12
votes
Why are there spelling inconsistencies in Spanish and Italian? What is the historical origin of this spelling pattern?
It is all about the spelling conventions in those languages. "Latin does not follow spelling changes" because the alphabet Latin uses was conceived specially for the Latin language, Latin ...
- 16.8k
11
votes
Accepted
Why is the letter "Q" visually simillar to "O"?
O is basically just a circle, so unlike with C/G, the visual similarity with Q is trivial. You could equally wonder if C being O with a chunk taken out has to do with anything.
Q and O derive from ...
- 977
11
votes
Can Old Church Slavonic be considered an artificial language?
Yes, Old Church Slavonic (OCS) was an artificial language, but just in a way.
Firstly, in the 9th century, when Cyrill and Methodius devised the OCS, all the Slavic languages and dialects were so ...
- 16.8k
10
votes
What did the Greeks and Romans believe about language relationships?
As I've posted in The Other Place, there was indeed a notion of Latin being a dialect of Greek, which a recent paper has described as "Aeolism". The locus classicus for it is Dionysius of ...
- 3,235
10
votes
Accepted
Which alphabetic writing system first had spaces between words?
If we allow abjads, Imperial Aramaic in Aramaic script was one of the first to consistently use spacing, from the mid-7th century BCE. This might have been due to the influence of Akkadian cuneiform ...
- 6,323
10
votes
Why does English have words from Latin and none from Celtic?
As jk says, there are very few Latin loans in English from pre-Saxon times. English does have quite a lot of words borrowed from Latin and Romance, but the vast majority of them come from well after ...
- 58.9k
9
votes
Accepted
How did it happen that K was introduced to Latin alphabet in place of C and C started to mark /t͡s/ or /s/ in many languages?
The Old Latin alphabet had 3 letters for the sound [k]: C, K, and Q. K was used before A, Q before V (the shape U appeared later), and C elsewhere. Besides, C was also used for the sound [g]. Later, K ...
- 16.8k
8
votes
Wanderwort origins and the Indus Valley Civilization?
There is no proof that the Indus valley language was Dravidian at all. Looking only at the geographical distribution of the Dravidian languages, it looks at the first sight that Brahui is an old relic ...
- 28.5k
8
votes
Accepted
Are there any extinct phonemes in Russian?
Two phonological changes that reduced the phoneme inventory in Russian were the loss of yers (ultra-short vowels) and yuses (nasal vowels). None of these sounds occur in the modern language.
The ...
- 6,798
7
votes
why did the Franco-Provençal language decline in Switzerland?
The marginalisation of Franco-Provençal in favour of Standard French predates the modern French state. Franco-Provençal was coextensive with the Duchy of Savoy, and the Duchy adopted Standard French ...
- 3,235
7
votes
Accepted
Pronunciation of Fermat in Gascon/Occitan
Fermat was fluent in multiple languages, including French and Occitan. Though he was born and raised in Beaumont-de-Lomagne (Occitania), his paternal family was originally from Catalonia:
In the ...
- 3,084
7
votes
Accepted
Estimate the genesis of the language
Since you asked, it is not a reasonable question to ask in the first place. Multicellular organisms have birthdays, languages do not. Every existing German speaker learned the language from ...
- 75.2k
6
votes
Accepted
Have there ever been (serious) attempts to replace alphabets with phonetic alphabets?
I think you're confusing the issue a little bit. You need to differentiate between the concept of phonetic alphabet and transparent orthography.
The introduction of the IPA or international phonetic ...
- 10.6k
6
votes
Who was the first to call noun classes "genders"?
The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition, states the following.
[Middle English gendre, from Old French, kind, gender, from Latin genus, gener-. See genə in Appendix I....
- 309
6
votes
Accepted
Why do some languages have many names?
The names for a given language can be divided into exonyms and endonyms. Exonyms are the names given to the language (sometimes by extension, from the name given to the people who speak it) by ...
- 1,195
6
votes
Accepted
Voiced aspirated alveolar trill
There is no phonetic difference between voiceless aspirated vs. unaspirated trill, and phonologically speaking, voiceless trills (and other sonorants) behave like they are aspirates. The distinction ...
- 75.2k
6
votes
Accepted
Why is the English name for Bruges the same as the French despite that it's a Flemish city?
The "when" is actually pretty easy.
Throughout the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles, up to at least 1052, we see spellings like "Brycge", which look like anglicized versions of the Flemish name.
In Norman and ...
- 2,605
6
votes
Accepted
Is there any relationship between the Hungarian long s sound and the long s in some European languages?
There isn't really any connection between the Hungarian "ssz" sound and the spelling ſ or ß.
The question about the origin of ssz in Hungarian is interesting. What I have gathered so far is ...
- 17.2k
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