6
The differences between [b] and [v] are fairly trivial between from a historical and phonetic perspective. The count of shared categories in the IPA chart isn't a good way of judging similarity (and the IPA doesn't claim to embody all relevant concepts of "category"). They are voiced oral labials: you can add "-dental" or "bi-" ...
4
It is almost vowels, but to verify this you would have to conduct a perceptual experiment, since loudness is a subjective ranking of sounds. Things that affect loudness judgments are duration (really short sounds aren't as "loud"), frequency (really low-pitched or high-pitched sounds aren't as "loud") and sound pressure level (the thing ...
1
I don't know how homogenous is TextGrid across different tools that use it, but there is a Python package, pympi which can be used to read Praat TextGrid files.
In particular, pympi.Praat.TextGrid class can be instantiated to read TextGrid files.
1
Xmin and xmax are the starting times in seconds, within the file (which goes from 0 to 4.360703 seconds), and ORT-MAU tells you the same thing (in this instance), but then tells you the time periods of the individual words (where xmax-xmin is the duration of the word). So you would be interested in the texts “trial” and “offer” (not necessarily intervals [7] ...
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