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For an intuitive sense of "linguistic distance" which negatively correlates with similarity and mutual intelligibility, the difference between Ancient Greek and these modern languages is pretty close to … Even though there are numerous cognates between Greek and these languages, those words have changed so much in both sound and meaning as to be unrecognizable for the most part except to specialists. …

The foot boundaries look like this: ὡς θεῶν τε βω|μοὺς πατρίδα τε |ῥυώμεθα Btw, as Draconis points out, this question might be more appropriate on Latin SE, which has also been accepting Greek questions …

Contraction of προ- with the augment is optional: both προέβαλον and προὔβαλον (with coronis and acute, not προῦβαλον with circumflex) occur, although in Attic the contraction happens much more often …

I'm interested in the grammatical variation that is found between prose writers in what is putatively a single dialect of Greek, Attic. …

In Greek, the development seems to have been something like "pick out (information)" > "recount" > "say". If you're telling someone a story, you start by picking out the things you want to tell them. … (The reddit thread quoted in your answer is a bit misleading in that in Greek, unlike in Latin, legō hardly ever means "read", while in Latin it doesn't mean "say": the developments in the two languages …

This happens with all Greek words in r- when a prefix is added, not just that particular word. … A likely explanation (though I don't have a reference for this) is that the sound written as Greek initial ῥ- was a long trill [rr], just like initial r- in Spanish. …

Presumably it's more difficult to learn to use boustrophedon: you have to learn to read and write in two directions, as well as learning two orientations for each letter. I don't see that it offers an …

Smyth (134b) says: "Verbs in -εω never (in Attic) add -ν to the 3 sing. of the contracted form: εὖ ἐποίει αὐτόν he treated him well. But ᾔει went and pluperfects (as ᾔδει knew) may add ν." It can, how …

After χρῆναι you have an accusative and infinitive construction: "it is necessary for X (acc.) to Verb (inf.)". In this case, the subject of the accusative and infinitive is τὰν πόλιν, and the predica …

The etymology of Greek kubos is unknown, but it is thought to be a loanword. … So it's plausible, though not provable, that there's a borrowing relationship between the Greek and Arabic words. …

The right-hand (English) page usually contains more text than the left-hand (Greek or Latin) page. … There are a few reasons for this, such as the fact that Latin lacks definite articles, which are very common in Greek; and that Greek has a large array of discourse particles that add various nuances of …

In Ancient Greek, a deictic particle -ī can be attached to demonstratives to strengthen the "this here" meaning: e.g. houtos "this one", houtosī "this one right here". What is the origin of this -ī? … Indo-European has the so-called "hic et nunc i", which appears in the present verb endings and in other places, but this i is short while the Greek ī is long, so equating the two isn't straightforward. …

The Attic-Ionic dialects of Ancient Greek underwent a sound change whereby, in a sequence of a long vowel followed by a short vowel, the quantities were switched: -V:V- became -VV:-, e.g. …

This is part of the "first compensatory lengthening", a set of regular Greek sound changes involving the loss of PIE/Proto-Greek *y and *s. … To make things more complex yet, different Greek dialects had different outcomes for some of these sequences, so that Attic κείρω corresponds to κήρω and κέρρω in other dialects. …

These are all normal Greek characters. C is a form of sigma: it's called lunate sigma, and is a variant that's sometimes used in printed texts these days too. … Lunate sigma is a Hellenistic development which occurred in handwritten Greek (not specific to mosaics) for speed of writing. (It's also the origin of the Cyrillic C for [s].) …