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A body of rules, features, or generalizations which reliably differentiate between grammatical and ungrammatical constructions.

1 vote
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Paradigmatic vs syntagmatic relationship

Paradigmatics Paradigmatic relations are relations of opposition and functional identity of linguistic elements (“OR - OR”), i.e. the paradigm combines sets of linguistic units that are similar accor …
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3 votes
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Do any languages treat I/me/my/mine in a singular way as a third-person entity?

Malay/Indonesian is like that, and I guess other neighboring Austronesian languages also have this feature. Malay can use and quite usually does use nouns designating a person as pronouns. It has no n …
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1 vote
Accepted

Why do time adverbials like "yesterday" have a different distribution than adverbials like "...

There are many differences between the time adverbials (like yesterday) and "adverbials like always". Time adverbials are very much like place adverbials (home, there), both of them specify a particu …
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2 votes

English grammar: is it possible to automatically verify correctness

On the other hand, it can well be done for the EASL class use for the most standard meanings of such sentences where the grammar is prescriptive. … Still, there's too much variety even here, and not only grammar, but also some semantic and context analysis is needed, and that makes it much harder. …
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1 vote

"They told me that" which one is the direct and indirect object?

If you abstragate from the formal grammar and look at the meaning of the words and at the situation described in the sentence, it is easy to find out what the action is directed at and who it is intended …
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4 votes

Are there any languages where you can put the demonstrative at the end of the sentence?

The Malagasy language has a verb–object–subject (VOS) word order, so in the sentence “This is blue” the subject “this” is the last word in the corresponding Malagasy sentence: English: This is blue. …
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1 vote

What are other 'tacit perfectiveness/imperfectiveness event markers' in Russian?

The main reason for the phrases in the Paragraph 1 to be in the Genitive case, and the phrases in the Paragraph 2 to have "c + the Instrumental case" pattern is that all those phrases are elliptical, …
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3 votes
Accepted

Question about a phrase with the Polish case genetive (dopełniacz)

Do is found in all the Slavic languages as a preposition with the meanings “[up] to” and “before”. In all the Slavic languages which have cases, this preposition governs only the genitive case, so it' …
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11 votes
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Is it possible in Sanskrit to distinguish between the names Rāma and Rām i.e. राम and राम् w...

In the dictionaries, the Sanskrit name राम (Rāma), together with most other Sanskrit words, is given in the form of the stem. राम (Rāma) is the stem, and in a sentence it can be used only as a direct …
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2 votes

How do both traditional grammar and linguistics categorize addressees within sentences?

The direct address is not a part of the sentence and, as far as I know, it is not included into syntactic trees. Some languages like Sanskrit, Latin, Ukrainian, Georgian, etc. have a special Vocative …
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0 votes
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Past Simple vs Present Perfect Continuous in questions

Indeed, English Language Learners Stack Exchange is really the right place to ask such questions: https://ell.stackexchange.com/ Also, you can ask it at English Language & Usage SE: https://english.s …
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12 votes

Are there any known natural languages in which tense is never (or very rarely) expressed thr...

In Wolof, a language spoken in Senegal, Gambia, and Mauritania, the verbs never change their form, it is the pronouns that have the tense. In Wolof there is I-which-is-now, I-that-will-be, I-that-was, …
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2 votes
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Standardized and ambiguity-free language

Lojban is designed to express complex logical constructs precisely, it has no irregularities or ambiguities in spelling and grammar (although word derivation relies on arbitrary variant forms). …
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5 votes

I read the Quran syllable by syllable but I don't know where a word begins and where it ends...

Here is Quran word for word – every word is written separately, translated, explained grammatically, and recited audio by a professional reciter. If you click a word, you are redirected to a more det …
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4 votes

need to understand infinitive

So, you got it wrong, the infinitives can change after the grammar categories. …
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