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This is essentially the difference between phonetics, which has phones and is universal, and phonology, which has phonemes and allophones and is particular to a language. …

Onomatopoeia is strictly about lexical imitation of sounds. Animal noises are a simple example. Ideophone is a term that refers only to a limited number of languages where it identifies some specia …

A good question, and a very basic one that illustrates an important difference between Phonetics and Phonology (or, as it used to be called, Phonemics): They use different criteria for what's a vowel … Phonemes and Phonology are localized to individual languages, whereas Phonetics is independent of individual language systems. …

Yes, you've answered your question correctly. Keep it up. On a consonant chart [w] would occur in both the labial column and the velar column. That makes it a labiovelar (hyphenation optional) consona …

And, for historical reasons, the development of historical and descriptive linguistics (including phonetics and phonology) in the West was dependent on the West's discovery of Sanskrit and the subsequent …

I was told a story once about a paper that Kenneth Pike supposedly delivered on the phonetics of ventriloquism at an LSA meeting -- while LSA still had only one session, according to the storyteller -- … Since the phonemic pattern of each word is shifted regularly, apparently people can get used to understanding the transposed phonetics and hearing it as normal (if perhaps somewhat odd) speech. …

I think you'll find that it's initial dental stops that "soften" before /r/ ("soft" and "hard" are not phonetic terms, alas). Treat is an example, while street isn't, at least not so much. What's goin …

Finnish is the usual exemplar for that. Many recent alphabetizations, like those of Native American languages (Lushootseed is one example), are still phonemic in the sense that the spoken language h …

Probably you want the "pipe" character, ǀ, which represents the voiceless dental click. (I know — it looks too much like a lowercase L or a one; but you wanted IPA.)

Basically, vowels are syllable nuclei, and consonants are syllable peripheries. Consonants are the sounds that don't occur in the middle of a syllable, and vowels are the ones that do. That's all, r …

English fire is not derived from Greek πυρ. Both fire and πυρ come originally from the Proto-Indo-European root *paəwr̥. Greek simplified the *aəw vowel sequence to /ū/, but kept the consonants. Proto …

A phonetician can probably give a better explanation, but I used to worry about this, too, and the conclusion I came to was that when you analyze any language, there's always a few consonants that cro …

As for Semantics and Pragmatics, once you've gotten caught up in Logic, some good books are: Linguistic Semantics, by William Frawley. Study guide and Classes of entities. Metaphors We Live By, by L …

English high and mid non-central vowel phonemes fall into two categories: tense /i e o u/ lax /ɪ ɛ ɔ ʊ/ Beside the tense/lax phonetic distinction (which refers to the muscles at the root of the to …