Linguistics

Questions tagged [turkish]

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Spoken in Turkey - the most widely spoken Turkic language.

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1
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0answers
74 views

şapka and шапка - which way did the hat travel? [closed]

The russian and turkish words for hat : şapka and шапка are very similar. It makes me suspect that one language borrowed it from the other. Which way did the hat travel?
0
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1answer
56 views

Turkish stem consonant alternation

I am currently writing a paper which draws on the characteristics of Turkish (or Turkic) phonology, and would like to know more about stem consonant alternation in this language. Specifically, will ...
7
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3answers
5k views

Are the longest German and Turkish words really single words?

First, I don't speak/understand any so-called agglutinative languages, like Turkish. I also don't know German. I understand there's no good definition for the concept of "word", which could ...
1
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1answer
64 views

is there a /c/ vs. /k/ or /g/ vs /ɟ/ minimal pair in turkish

i checked the wiki subarticle "Consonants" and there is an example of /kar/ vs /ca:r/ (youglish link, as evidence for ":") which might not be a good minimal pair. do you know one? /...
1
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1answer
179 views

Is the Turkish word for brother(kardeş) of Indo-Iranian origin?

I looked up the word for "brother" in other Turkish languages. In Ubzek it is aka. And in Volga Tatar the corresponding word is abi. The word "kardesh" sounds suspiciously similar ...
2
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1answer
69 views

Are Turkish aorist (wide-tense) verbs originally finite or nonfinite?

There are countless examples in Turkish of third person aorist forms in -A/Ir or -mAz (negative form) which are employed as nouns: gelir (income), gider (spending), yazar (writter) or adjective su ...
2
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1answer
129 views

A bit confused in the possessive case of Turkish Language [closed]

I am learning Turkish Language and the possessive cases are confusing me. I am learning it form a site and there is this one case that is really confusing. I have to translate "The dog eats your ...
-6
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1answer
145 views

Could Gothic ahs (ear of grain) and Turkish ak (white) be cogante?

Could Gothic ahs (ear of grain) and Turkish ak (white) be cogante like English wheat and white ?
-1
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2answers
335 views

Why does Latin, Turkish, and Albanian share common words?

Latin and Albanian are Indo-European languages so it makes sense that those two languages share many words with each-other. But why is it that Turkish — a non-Indo-European language — shares words ...
1
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1answer
124 views

Resemblance Between Turkish Ablative and Locative, Ancient Greek Ablative, Allative

I was studying some Ancient Greek, and found out that the declination of some irregular nouns are very similar. I started wondering if there is actually a language that is mother of Altaic languages ...
1
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1answer
62 views

Is there a high-quality academic reference resource for an extensive overview of a language?

If I wanted a general introduction to for example the Turkish language, I can look up articles on Turkish in Encyclopedia Britannica, the Routledge Compendium of the World's Languages, the ...
1
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1answer
216 views

Are there traces of Old Turkish in ancient Germanic languages?

The question is quite clear and understandable as in the title. Are there traces of Old Turkish in ancient Germanic languages? Or traces of Germanic in Old Turkish?
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0answers
49 views

Data on causatives in Russian and Turkish needed!

I'm working on a comparative syntactic project on the notion 'causative', either morphologically marked or non-marked. References like Haspelmath (1987) provide some (brief) data on the notion of ...
8
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1answer
199 views

Can causative and anticausative co-occur in Turkish verbal morphology?

Turkish makes use of two valency markers: (i) the causative marker with 'tur' which increases valency in (1) below, and (ii) the anticausative marker 'il' which decreases valency as in (2) below. (1)...
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2answers
265 views

How "üçün" is Turkic but "çün" is Iranic?

Azerbaijani: çün Persian: çun Means: because Origin: Persian Azerbaijani: üçün üç+ün old-Turkic: uçun Means: because of Origin: old-Turkic So, can somebody explain how this is possible? More ...
1
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2answers
647 views

Turkic etymology dictionary

Is there a new Turkic etymology dictionary? I don't want something like Nişanyan which all Turkic words are Sogdian or Persian origin. I want something that analyses the words using true rules not ...
4
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2answers
674 views

Is there a "maximal coda principle"?

The "maximal onset principle" says that, in many (most) languages, consonants will attach to a syllable onset rather than a coda when given the choice. For example, "walking" /wakɪŋ/ in English is ...
15
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4answers
15k views

Are Hungarian and Turkish related?

I was told by somebody who has lived near Hungary that she thought that Hungarian and Turkish were related, and that their languages are very similar. A brief google search seems to support this. ...
1
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1answer
201 views

How to call Turkish to Ascii character conversion?

When writing software in some cases we are not allowed to use Turkish characters so we use U, G, S, I, i, O, C characters instead of Ü, Ğ, Ş, İ, ı, Ö and Ç since some computer systems might not ...
21
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3answers
3k views

Reversal of kinship terms when speaking to a child

When Turkish people speak to children, they often address them with the kinship term that the child is supposed to use for the speaker. For example a mother may call her child "anneciğim" ("my dear ...
2
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1answer
907 views

Turkish voice to text speech recognition references

Does anybody know what is approach implemented in Google Speech API and Siri for Turkish voice to text speech recognition? I'm interested in details of these two services, not the general or ...
-4
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1answer
233 views

Is Turkish older than Bulgarian?

I've read that Turkish is a very old language, but I can't really find any information on how old Bulgarian is. Which of those two languages is older?
5
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0answers
257 views

Similar diminutive name construction in Turkish and Armenian

In Armenian diminutive for personal names are formed by adding 'o' for some short part of the name (I'm intentionally not calling this short form "root" cause it's not necessarily a root), so some ...
6
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1answer
300 views

Turkish "Yaz" vs. Azerbaijani "Yaz"

In some Turkic languages (like Turkish and Kazakh), the word Yaz means Summer, while in other Turkic languages (like Azeri, Chuvash and Yakut) the very same word means Spring. The Old Turkic meaning ...
3
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1answer
191 views

Is "Qadaqan" Mongolian or Turkish? [closed]

In Persian, the word Qadaqan (q is an uvular stop consonant, i.e. having the same place of articulation as the French r) means "emphasis" and "illegal", in some Persian dictionaries it is mentioned as ...
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2answers
8k views

why is erdogan pronounced erdowan? [duplicate]

i've heard the Turkish president's name pronounced in about 100 ways. what's the right way, and how does that connect with the latin letters? P.s. this is not a duplicate. I did not ask about g in ...
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2answers
463 views

most common Turkish words

I'm trying to learn most common Turkish words but I can't find resources, I've already finished 1000 words. Where do I find the most common Turkish words, at least 10k?
2
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3answers
598 views

Adjectives in Turkish always comes before the noun?

I've read that in Turkish adjectives always comes before the noun. So to say "nice house" we say "güzel ev". But we also could say "the house is nice", and in that case this becomes "ev güzel". My ...
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2answers
527 views

In Turkish, regarding the locative, how do we know which suffix (-de or -da) should be used?

I'm studying Turkish, and regarding the locative, I've learned that it is implemented by adding the suffix -DA or -TA, the latter being used when the word starts with "p, ç, t, k, f, h, s, and ş". So ...
4
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1answer
260 views

Turkish kalem: from Anc. Greek or Tocharian?

Usually the Turkish word kalem 'pen' is shown in etym. dictionaries to derive from Arabic qalam, which in turn derives from Greek κάλαμος. However, I noticed that Tocharian languages have the term ...
1
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2answers
239 views

Languages lacking detailed words for taste

Unlike most Indo-European languages Turkish for example groups some words for taste under one word e.g. acı. Are there other languages lacking words for example sour, bitter, sweet, salty, hot/sharp ...
1
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1answer
250 views

Alemaña/Almanya/ألمانيا etymology

Turkish, Arabic, Spanish for "Germany" are obviously cognate. But not with "Germany" or Deutschland. At least two of them must be borrowed. Which, and what is the (commonly assumed) source?
2
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2answers
445 views

Etymology of the Turkish word for copper (bakır)

I've been looking for a good explanation on the origin of the turkish word bakır, but I can't find much on it. Is it a loan or is it really a Turkic word for copper?
5
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3answers
910 views

Turkish: the -DIK participles and an information loss

There is something I can't get about the -DIK participles. When we use it to form a relative clause and make one sentence out of two sentences, the object may be originally in any case: Accusative: ...
0
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4answers
302 views

Plural form declension with numbers in Turkish

When naming some number of objects, there's only one plural form in English (2 dogs, 3 dogs, 10 dogs). But in Slavic languages like Polish the form changes depending on the number (2 psy, 4 psy, 5 ...
4
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0answers
282 views

Statistic data on average morpheme-to-word ratios

I wonder whether there is any statistic data on morpheme-to-word ratio of certain languages. Is this something that can be and has been measured? The languages I am most interested in are the ...
7
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1answer
2k views

List of minimal pairs in Turkish

Is anyone aware of a resource (web-based or in print) providing a comprehensive list of minimal pairs in Turkish?
6
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1answer
527 views

"Torpedo compartment" for glove compartment?

In Turkish, the glove compartment of a car is called "torpido gözü", the literal translation of which is "torpedo compartment". None of the dictionaries I have access to has an etymology for the ...
2
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1answer
258 views

Evidentiality: Aspect or Modality?

I was curious about evidentiality. In Turkish, evidentiality can be seen as {-mIş} suffix, but English does not have any suffix to express. Take a look at this sentence: Babası ona yeni ayakkabı ...
2
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1answer
339 views

What's the relation between Germanic suffixes -ly, -lich, -lijk, ... and Turkic suffixes -lik -liq

What's the relation between Germanic adjectival/adverbial suffixes -ly, -lich, -lijk, ... and Turkic suffixes -lik -liq that convert nouns/adjectives to nouns
14
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6answers
2k views

Is "Kent" in Tashkent of Turkic origin or Indo-European?

In Turkish there is this word Kent which means city. Some Turkic city names have this as a suffix, like Başkent and Tashkent. In Azerbaijani the same word, with the spelling of Kənd (Kand) means ...
6
votes
2answers
817 views

Arabic and Persian loans in Turkish

Both Persian and Turkish - as have other "islamic" languages - have a great deal of Arabic vocabulary. Due to an (initially) favourable vowel inventory (and maybe due to the same script being used) ...
4
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3answers
838 views

Some common features of unrelated languages: Turkish and Persian

This is somehow related to the question Are some languages known to have taken grammatical features etc rather than just lexicon from their substrate languages? In the area of today's Turkey, Iran ...
2
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1answer
625 views

Turkish loanwords in persian or the other way round?

It is quite obvious that there are a lot of Persian loanwords in Turkish. Some words, though, I cannot easily figure out which way they travelled. Take for example trk. küçük, frs. kucak. I have ...
4
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1answer
402 views

Could Turkish "küçük" and Mongolian "жижиг" be related?

I'm in Mongolia trying to learn some Mongolian and I've come across their cute word for "litlle", "small": жижиг. On previous trips through Turkey I recall learning a similar cute word for "little", "...
2
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1answer
106 views

Does lack of evidence count as evidentiality?

The "-mİş" forms in Turkish are traditionally given as examples of evidentiality: geliyor (he's coming; implies direct knowledge, generally visual) geliyormuş (he's coming; implies indirect knowledge,...
3
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4answers
750 views

Co-occurence of different participles in Turkish relative clause structures

Turkish has two different suffixes for relative clauses. The difference is due to the subjectivity in relative clause. In other words; if it defines a subjective, it is constructed with the suffix -En;...
0
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4answers
1k views

The reason for similarity of Turkic "min" and latin "mille", Turkic "dil" and dutch "taal"?

What's the linguistic relation between the Turkic words bin or min and Latin word mille meaning thousand Turkic dil and dutch taal meaninge language?
3
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5answers
3k views

Are there any loanwords between Turkish and Armenian?

In the Ottoman Empire, both Turks and Armenians shared common social and cultural domains, but are there any loanwords in either language from either side - i.e. Turkish loanwords in Armenian or ...
10
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1answer
3k views

Relationship between Turkish/Azeri and Japanese/Korean

How are Turkish and Azeri related to Japanese and Korean? Are there obvious similarities between them?

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